Academic pharmacist Nataly Martini provides key information on Helicobacter pylori pathophysiology, diagnosis and evidence-based treatment strategies to enhance patient outcomes
Treatment options for when reflux becomes problematic

Gastroenterologist Cameron Schauer describes the symptoms, consequences and multimodal treatment of reflux – from lifestyle interventions to medications and surgery
Kia ora and welcome to Pharmacy Today Kaitiaki Rongoā O Te Wā
Not a subscriber? Unlock this article by subscribing here.
1. El-Serag HB, Sweet S, Winchester CC, Dent J. Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Gut 2014;63(6):871–80.
2. Yamasaki T, Hemond C, Eisa M, et al. The changing epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Are patients getting younger? J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24(4):559.
3. Wyeth JW. Functional gastrointestinal disorders in New Zealand. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;26(s3):15–18.
4. Vakil N, van Zanten SV, Kahrilas P, et al. The Montreal definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: A global evidence-based consensus. Am J Gastroenterol 2006;101(8):1900–20.
5. Dean BB, Aguilar D, Johnson LF, et al. The relationship between the prevalence of nighttime gastroesophageal reflux disease and disease severity. Dig Dis Sci 2010;55(4):952–59.
6. Lee SW. Heartburn and regurgitation have different impacts on life quality of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20(34):12277.
7. Ness-Jensen E, Hveem K, El-Serag H, Lagergren J. Lifestyle intervention in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;14(2):175–82.e1–3.
8. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. CPIC Guideline for Proton Pump Inhibitors and CYP2C19.
9. Tan CM, Juurlink DN. Navigating drug interactions with proton pump inhibitors. JAMA Netw Open 2024;7(7):e2419818.
10. Moayyedi P, Eikelboom JW, Bosch J, et al. Safety of proton pump inhibitors based on a large, multi-year, randomized trial of patients receiving rivaroxaban or aspirin. Gastroenterology 2019;157(3):682–91.e2.
11. Dickman R, Schiff E, Holland A, et al. Clinical trial: acupuncture vs. doubling the proton pump inhibitor dose in refractory heartburn. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007;26(10):1333–44.
12. Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, et al. ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2022;117(1):27–56.